monosynaptic - definitie. Wat is monosynaptic
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Wat (wie) is monosynaptic - definitie

REFLEX ARCS ARE NEURAL PATHWAYS WHICH CONTROL THE REFLEX
Reflex-arc; Reflex circuit; Reflex arcs; Monosynaptic reflex; Reflex Arc; Polysynaptic; Reflex pathway
  • In a reflex arc, an action potential can bypass the brain for processing and uses dedicated neural pathways for faster processing. When a stimulus (A) is encountered, the signal from that stimulus will travel up the sensory neuron (B, in green) to the spinal column (C). There it will likely pass through a short interneuron (D, in purple) before continuing down a motor neuron (E, in blue) to the origin of the signal. Then, a contraction of the muscles (F, in red) is triggered, moving the bone (G).
  • (A) Microscopic hairs etched along the tail of the decapod activate a somatic signal (2) in response to the presence of an environmental stimulus (1). (B) The action potential activated by the somatic interneuron (3) relays an impulse to the lateral giant (LG) interneuron (4). (C) The lateral giant interneuron executes a reflex by relaying impulses to various giant motor neurons (5) within the abdomen of the lobster. These muscular contractions result in the decapod being capable of successfully propelling itself through the water, away from the site of stimulus.

monosynaptic      
[?m?n?(?)s?'napt?k]
¦ adjective Physiology (of a reflex pathway) involving a single synapse.
reflex arc         
¦ noun Physiology the nerve pathway involved in a reflex action.
Reflex arc         
A reflex arc is a neural pathway that controls a reflex. In vertebrates, most sensory neurons do not pass directly into the brain, but synapse in the spinal cord.

Wikipedia

Reflex arc

A reflex arc is a neural pathway that controls a reflex. In vertebrates, most sensory neurons do not pass directly into the brain, but synapse in the spinal cord. This allows for faster reflex actions to occur by activating spinal motor neurons without the delay of routing signals through the brain. The brain will receive the input while the reflex is being carried out and the analysis of the signal takes place after the reflex action.

There are two types: autonomic reflex arc (affecting inner organs) and somatic reflex arc (affecting muscles). Autonomic reflexes sometimes involve the spinal cord and some somatic reflexes are mediated more by the brain than the spinal cord.

During a somatic reflex, nerve signals travel along the following pathway:

  1. Somatic receptors in the skin, muscles and tendons
  2. Afferent nerve fibers carry signals from the somatic receptors to the posterior horn of the spinal cord or to the brainstem
  3. An integrating center, the point at which the neurons that compose the gray matter of the spinal cord or brainstem synapse
  4. Efferent nerve fibers carry motor nerve signals from the anterior horn to the muscles
  5. Effector muscle innervated by the efferent nerve fiber carries out the response.

A reflex arc, then, is the pathway followed by nerves which (a.) carry sensory information from the receptor to the spinal cord, and then (b.) carry the response generated by the spinal cord to effector organs during a reflex action. The pathway taken by the nerve impulse to accomplish a reflex action is called the reflex arc.